The purpose of this study is to prove that using through Questioning Activities and, Topic-Based Teaching as a teaching design method for one-on-one online Chinese speaking lessons can enhance the speaking and listening abilities of students. In order to do this, a Case Study Method was adopted as the main framework of this research, ADDIE was used as the teaching design model, and the Communicative Approach was employed during teaching practice. This study is generally based on qualitative research; questionnaires, student surveys and the researcher’s own observations were used to understand the students’ learning backgrounds and the feedback they gave before and after the teaching practice.

　　After the teaching practice, the results of the surveys and interviews all showed that a Topic-Based Teaching design for one-on-one online Chinese conversation classes and using Questioning Activities as a classroom strategy had a clear benefit to the student’s listening and speaking studies. This was in accordance with the observations of the researcher of the teaching practice. Student feedback also proved that this research’s teaching design is effective and feasible. Three conclusions obtained were from this research: firstly, online Topic-Based Teaching makes lesson content layered and relatable, helping students to internalize it; secondly, Questioning Activities make online learning materials organized and systematized, helping learners to reflect and integrate their language abilities; thirdly, Topic-Based Teaching and Questioning Activities help strengthen listening and speaking practice in one-on-one online Chinese speaking classes. Finally, this study proposes some suggestions for expanding the possibilities of teaching designs for one-on-one online Chinese courses.